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App\Entity\MediaTranslation
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App\Entity\MediaTranslation {#1373 -id: 7142 -title: "Bridges (Video)" -description: """ <p>The Romans and the Chinese understood this well. To control their vast empire and defend it, it takes <strong>roads, </strong>to be able to move quickly, and <strong>bridges, </strong>to overcome obstacles.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>A simple stone slab makes it possible to straddle a short distance, but the weight of the rock imposes significant <strong>compression </strong>and <strong>tension</strong> forces in the top and bottom of the slab, respectively.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>For a span of more than 2m, the architects of antiquity developed arch bridges.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>Their characteristic shape makes it possible to distribute the weight from the center to the banks, where the abutments are located.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>To build such a bridge, a temporary wooden structure, called a “falsework”, is positioned at the exact location of the vault. Perfectly cut stone blocks are mounted along the form and on one another. The <strong>keystone</strong> is placed last to ensure the cohesion of the whole and the wooden form can be removed.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>Arch bridges are very strong because the stone handles compressive forces well. Especially when the space around the vault is densely filled.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>Many of these ancient works are still in use today.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>To cross great distances, it is possible to use multiple arches, but the many piers of the bridge then constitute an obstacle to navigation.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>It was not until the invention and mastery of new materials that new bridge structures could be built.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>At the time of the Industrial Revolution, iron and cast iron bridges appeared.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>But, these materials are too expensive on their own.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>With steel and concrete, civil engineers of the 19th and 20th centuries made major advances:</p>\r\n \r\n <p>Concrete piers are very resistant to compression.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>Steel cables are resistant to tension.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>It is thus possible to combine the advantages of these two materials by making reinforced concrete.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>With metal reinforcement it is now possible to make structures lighter and more robust.</p>\r\n \r\n <p>All of these materials technology innovations together with the power of computer-aided design make it possible to simulate and then build impressive structures.</p> """ -legends: """ Road\r\n Bridge\r\n Compression\r\n Tension\r\n 1780 Iron bridge\r\n Steel\r\n Concrete\r\n Reinforced concrete """ -goals: null -more: null -scenario: null -features: null -publishedAt: DateTimeImmutable @1663113600 {#1371 : 2022-09-14 00:00:00.0 UTC (+00:00) } -preventIndexForSearch: false #locale: "en" #translatable: App\Entity\Media {#1308 …} #status: "published" #createdAt: DateTime @1646919940 {#1368 : 2022-03-10 13:45:40.0 UTC (+00:00) } #updatedAt: DateTime @1701032056 {#1370 : 2023-11-26 20:54:16.0 UTC (+00:00) } } |
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[ 0 => "internal_api_media" "internal_api_media_options" => [ "withBaseNodeName" => true ] ] |
MediaTranslationNormalizer (223.36 ms) | 223.46 ms |
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